Object Oriented features

Definition

Language structures implementing the object oriented programming (OOP) paradigm

Features

Encapsulation (Java, C++, Python, Ruby, C#) Grouping data and related functions together and hiding implementation details.

Inheritance (Java, C++, Python, Ruby) Ability of one class to inherit fields and methods from another.

Polymorphism (Java, C++, C#, Python) Treating different types through a common interface.

Mixins / Traits (Scala, Rust, Ruby, Elixir) Reusable behavior that can be included in multiple classes or modules.

Interfaces / Abstract Classes (Java, C#, TypeScript, Swift) Contracts defining method signatures to be implemented.